06.07.2007, 00:21
Da manche hier anwesende Geschichts untericht brauchen...
ok...
Here you go...
Ancient Macedonia
What were the borders of ancient Macedonia?
When did the first Hellenic tribes reside in the area later called by them Macedonia?
What is the meaning of the word 'Macedon'? References.
The Macedonian state until the end of the 6th century BC.
What were the relations of Macedonia with the other two Greek Kingdoms of Thessaly and Epirus?
What were the relations between the Macedonians and the Illyrians?
What was the Macedonian form of government?
What did ancient Greek writers write about Macedonia?
"Hellas" and "Macedonia". When was the first time that the word Hellas was used to describe the country
inhabited by people belonging to Hellenic (Greek) tribes?
Was the Macedonian tongue a Greek dialect or not?
"ANEBOA MAKEDONISTI" ?
There is a reference in a work by Pausanias that may give the impression that Macedonians, around 214-213BC,
were speaking a non-Greek language.
Did Demosthenes believe the Macedonians were barbarians?
Is there any reference by Demosthenes to an incident that can lead us to conclude that he and his fellow Athenians believed that Macedonians
indeed spoke a Greek dialect?
Is it possible [ignoring historic evidence that shows that this was not the case] that Macedonians had spoken a
non-Greek language before 340BC and within a 10-20 year period every Macedonian was fluent in the attic dialect?
Who may have 'Hellenized' ancient Macedonians, if we assume, despite proof for the contrary, that they were
not a Greek tribe ?
Isocrates used the phrases "ALOFYLON TO GENOS", "OYX OMOFYLOY GENOYS". Do they mean "of other tribe"
or "of other race"?
Medieval & Modern Macedonia
Skopjans accuse us Macedonians in Greece of changing the names of our cities into Greek ones some time
in the 20th century instead of using
the Slavic names assigned to these cities since "ancient" (sic) names. They claim that Edessa for example
should not be called so but VODEN
instead, and Thessaloniki should be called SOLUN.
Skopjans claim that when Slavs descended to the Balkan peninsula, in the 7th century AD, Macedonians
vanished and there was a kind of
'Slavicization' of Macedonia which 'gave birth' to the "Slavic-Macedonians" as Skopjans claim they are
(at least some of them), the supposedly
deserved ancestors of ancient Macedonians. Are such claims true say up to 15th century AD?
Do the Skopjans have desires on Macedonia, Greece?
When did 'Macedonians' of the Skopjan type first appear?
What was the population distribution of Macedonia, the Republic of Skopje, and parts of Bulgaria in the
years of Ottoman rule?
What is the nationality of the Vlachs?
Skopjans claim that Greeks can only choose Greek names for their children
Was the Bulgarian King Samuel of Skopjan nationality as some Skopjans claimed he was?
What is the size of the Greek minority in the Republic of Skopje.
Macedonia and the (Greek) War of Independence.
When was the first time the word "Macedonia" was defined to include lands of the nowadays Rep. of Skopje?
What were the views of the Bulgarian Exarchate on the population composition of Macedonia.
Did all the Greeks in Macedonia speak Greek only in the late 19th century?
What were the events that followed the Berlin Congress of 1878?
The Neuilly treaty of 1920.
Communism and Macedonia
Bulgaria and Germany in World War II.
What are the intentions of the Communists still ruling Skopje towards the region of modern-day Greece
called Macedonia since ancient times?
Skopjan claims on Greece (continued).
Why Skopjans use the term "Aegean Macedonia"
What do some Skopjans claim that the population composition of Macedonia is?
Bulgarian statements on Skopje in the late fifties [after the Tito-Stalin breakup].
Skopjan minority claims.
Are there any Slavs living in Greece? When the last few Slavs left Greece? Are there any Slavophone living in Greece?
Where are they living? Who are they?
A brief history of the Bulgarian-origin terrorist group IMRO (Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization )
founded one hundred years ago (1893
Q1) What were the borders of ancient Macedonia?
Thucydides (II 99) defined ancient Macedonia as the area extending to the east as far as the lands of mountain Paggaion, east of river Strymon,
to the south to the Thermaikos Bay, Chalcidice, river Pineios (the border with Thessaly) and the Kambounia mountains, to the north up to
(including) the city of Pella, south of the lands of Paeonians, and to the west to the mountains (Pindos, Tymfe etc) that separate Macedonia from Epeiros and ancient Illyria (today's Albania).
Macedonia, as defined by Thucydides, coincides with the region of Macedonia of modern Greece minus some lands of the Chalcidice prefecture.
In later dates the borders of the Macedonian State (that is, the lands ruled by the Macedonian Kings) varied and depending on the circumstances it extended westwards up to the Adriatic Sea, eastwards up to river Evros and beyond, and to the north up to the city of Lychnidon between the lakes
of Brygies and Lyhnetis [the translation of some Greek names into English may seem weird. Blame me for this.]. References pointing to the borders
of the Macedonian state can be found in Strabo, VII.
The terms Macedonia and Macedonian State may seem analogous to the terms Great Britain and British Empire.
Q2) When did the first Hellenic tribes reside in the area later called by them Macedonia?
The first Hellenic tribes of Dorians and Achaeoi resided in Macedonia in prehistoric times, first in Emathia near mountain Vermion and later expanded northwards and eastwards to cover the lands outlined in Question 1. Herodotus mentioned that around the 9th century BC the Macedonian State had the city of Aegae as its capital and that either Caranos or Perdikkas was considered the founder of the Macedonian dynasty.
[ Note: The ancient royal city of Aegae is located in modern day Vergine in the Emathia prefecture of Greece. Excavations which began in 1976 by the late Professor Manolis Andronikos revealed that the site of the city was indeed located near Vergina and not near Edessa as many archaeologists, Professor Andronikos included, previously believed. It was Professor N. G. L. Hammond who in 1968 first suggested that Vergina was the place to look for Aegae, a belief peculiar even to himself at that time. The first royal tombs in Vergina were excavated in 1976-1977 and one of them is believed to belong to Philippos II, father of Alexander the Great. ]
According to Herodotus, the Makednoi (Macedonians) who crossed Doris and moved to Peloponnesos were later called Dorians. Since the term Dorians is much more well known than the term Makednoi we shall also use it to identify the latter people in the discussion to follow.
The Dorians who formed the Macedonian state came in contact with the local Pelasgic population whose size was much smaller than the one residing at the sea shores and the islands of Southern Greece. It is for this reason that German Historian K. Belloch considered the Macedonians the purest Greeks of any other part of Greece (Gr. Geschichte, I, 1a, p92). The Dorians(Makednoi) of Macedonia were larger in number than those who moved southwards. This is because those who moved southwards were reduced in number either due to attrition or to settlements in the areas they visited along their movement to Southern Greece.
Such a place of permanent residence for some Makednoi(Dorians) was Doris. When these Dorians (known until then as Makednoi only) moved to Peloponnesos they became known there as Dorians (that is, the people [coming] from Doris).
Q3)What is the meaning of the word 'Macedon'? References.
The word Macedon (Gk: Makedvn) is very likely to come from the Greek word 'makednos' first mentioned in Homer's Odyssey (Od. H106), and later by Herodotus, who called 'Makednon eunos' the various Doric tribes among which he included the Macedonians (Her. I.56, VIII.43).
ok...
Here you go...
Ancient Macedonia
What were the borders of ancient Macedonia?
When did the first Hellenic tribes reside in the area later called by them Macedonia?
What is the meaning of the word 'Macedon'? References.
The Macedonian state until the end of the 6th century BC.
What were the relations of Macedonia with the other two Greek Kingdoms of Thessaly and Epirus?
What were the relations between the Macedonians and the Illyrians?
What was the Macedonian form of government?
What did ancient Greek writers write about Macedonia?
"Hellas" and "Macedonia". When was the first time that the word Hellas was used to describe the country
inhabited by people belonging to Hellenic (Greek) tribes?
Was the Macedonian tongue a Greek dialect or not?
"ANEBOA MAKEDONISTI" ?
There is a reference in a work by Pausanias that may give the impression that Macedonians, around 214-213BC,
were speaking a non-Greek language.
Did Demosthenes believe the Macedonians were barbarians?
Is there any reference by Demosthenes to an incident that can lead us to conclude that he and his fellow Athenians believed that Macedonians
indeed spoke a Greek dialect?
Is it possible [ignoring historic evidence that shows that this was not the case] that Macedonians had spoken a
non-Greek language before 340BC and within a 10-20 year period every Macedonian was fluent in the attic dialect?
Who may have 'Hellenized' ancient Macedonians, if we assume, despite proof for the contrary, that they were
not a Greek tribe ?
Isocrates used the phrases "ALOFYLON TO GENOS", "OYX OMOFYLOY GENOYS". Do they mean "of other tribe"
or "of other race"?
Medieval & Modern Macedonia
Skopjans accuse us Macedonians in Greece of changing the names of our cities into Greek ones some time
in the 20th century instead of using
the Slavic names assigned to these cities since "ancient" (sic) names. They claim that Edessa for example
should not be called so but VODEN
instead, and Thessaloniki should be called SOLUN.
Skopjans claim that when Slavs descended to the Balkan peninsula, in the 7th century AD, Macedonians
vanished and there was a kind of
'Slavicization' of Macedonia which 'gave birth' to the "Slavic-Macedonians" as Skopjans claim they are
(at least some of them), the supposedly
deserved ancestors of ancient Macedonians. Are such claims true say up to 15th century AD?
Do the Skopjans have desires on Macedonia, Greece?
When did 'Macedonians' of the Skopjan type first appear?
What was the population distribution of Macedonia, the Republic of Skopje, and parts of Bulgaria in the
years of Ottoman rule?
What is the nationality of the Vlachs?
Skopjans claim that Greeks can only choose Greek names for their children
Was the Bulgarian King Samuel of Skopjan nationality as some Skopjans claimed he was?
What is the size of the Greek minority in the Republic of Skopje.
Macedonia and the (Greek) War of Independence.
When was the first time the word "Macedonia" was defined to include lands of the nowadays Rep. of Skopje?
What were the views of the Bulgarian Exarchate on the population composition of Macedonia.
Did all the Greeks in Macedonia speak Greek only in the late 19th century?
What were the events that followed the Berlin Congress of 1878?
The Neuilly treaty of 1920.
Communism and Macedonia
Bulgaria and Germany in World War II.
What are the intentions of the Communists still ruling Skopje towards the region of modern-day Greece
called Macedonia since ancient times?
Skopjan claims on Greece (continued).
Why Skopjans use the term "Aegean Macedonia"
What do some Skopjans claim that the population composition of Macedonia is?
Bulgarian statements on Skopje in the late fifties [after the Tito-Stalin breakup].
Skopjan minority claims.
Are there any Slavs living in Greece? When the last few Slavs left Greece? Are there any Slavophone living in Greece?
Where are they living? Who are they?
A brief history of the Bulgarian-origin terrorist group IMRO (Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization )
founded one hundred years ago (1893
Q1) What were the borders of ancient Macedonia?
Thucydides (II 99) defined ancient Macedonia as the area extending to the east as far as the lands of mountain Paggaion, east of river Strymon,
to the south to the Thermaikos Bay, Chalcidice, river Pineios (the border with Thessaly) and the Kambounia mountains, to the north up to
(including) the city of Pella, south of the lands of Paeonians, and to the west to the mountains (Pindos, Tymfe etc) that separate Macedonia from Epeiros and ancient Illyria (today's Albania).
Macedonia, as defined by Thucydides, coincides with the region of Macedonia of modern Greece minus some lands of the Chalcidice prefecture.
In later dates the borders of the Macedonian State (that is, the lands ruled by the Macedonian Kings) varied and depending on the circumstances it extended westwards up to the Adriatic Sea, eastwards up to river Evros and beyond, and to the north up to the city of Lychnidon between the lakes
of Brygies and Lyhnetis [the translation of some Greek names into English may seem weird. Blame me for this.]. References pointing to the borders
of the Macedonian state can be found in Strabo, VII.
The terms Macedonia and Macedonian State may seem analogous to the terms Great Britain and British Empire.
Q2) When did the first Hellenic tribes reside in the area later called by them Macedonia?
The first Hellenic tribes of Dorians and Achaeoi resided in Macedonia in prehistoric times, first in Emathia near mountain Vermion and later expanded northwards and eastwards to cover the lands outlined in Question 1. Herodotus mentioned that around the 9th century BC the Macedonian State had the city of Aegae as its capital and that either Caranos or Perdikkas was considered the founder of the Macedonian dynasty.
[ Note: The ancient royal city of Aegae is located in modern day Vergine in the Emathia prefecture of Greece. Excavations which began in 1976 by the late Professor Manolis Andronikos revealed that the site of the city was indeed located near Vergina and not near Edessa as many archaeologists, Professor Andronikos included, previously believed. It was Professor N. G. L. Hammond who in 1968 first suggested that Vergina was the place to look for Aegae, a belief peculiar even to himself at that time. The first royal tombs in Vergina were excavated in 1976-1977 and one of them is believed to belong to Philippos II, father of Alexander the Great. ]
According to Herodotus, the Makednoi (Macedonians) who crossed Doris and moved to Peloponnesos were later called Dorians. Since the term Dorians is much more well known than the term Makednoi we shall also use it to identify the latter people in the discussion to follow.
The Dorians who formed the Macedonian state came in contact with the local Pelasgic population whose size was much smaller than the one residing at the sea shores and the islands of Southern Greece. It is for this reason that German Historian K. Belloch considered the Macedonians the purest Greeks of any other part of Greece (Gr. Geschichte, I, 1a, p92). The Dorians(Makednoi) of Macedonia were larger in number than those who moved southwards. This is because those who moved southwards were reduced in number either due to attrition or to settlements in the areas they visited along their movement to Southern Greece.
Such a place of permanent residence for some Makednoi(Dorians) was Doris. When these Dorians (known until then as Makednoi only) moved to Peloponnesos they became known there as Dorians (that is, the people [coming] from Doris).
Q3)What is the meaning of the word 'Macedon'? References.
The word Macedon (Gk: Makedvn) is very likely to come from the Greek word 'makednos' first mentioned in Homer's Odyssey (Od. H106), and later by Herodotus, who called 'Makednon eunos' the various Doric tribes among which he included the Macedonians (Her. I.56, VIII.43).