25.11.2023, 18:39
Ich bin mir nicht mal so sicher, ob denn die russischen Satellitenkapazitäten wirklich so enorm sind. Beim Herumsuchen war ich erstaunt, was da alles anscheinend so herumschwirrt, aber wie wenig sinnbringend es im Ukraine-Kontext ist. Man hat 2021/22 drei Versuche unternommen, neue optische Aufklärer hochzuschießen, aber diese Versuche sind wohl alle fehlgeschlagen. Kurzum: Die reinen optischen Aufklärer sind stark im Hintertreffen.
Dazu ein Beitrag (wenn auch populärwissenschaftlicher Natur), von März d. J.:
Sollten diese Einschätzungen zutreffen, so wären die Optionen tatsächlich mager und es wäre nicht verwunderlich, wenn man uralte Höhenaufklärer aus Sowjetzeiten versucht zu reaktivieren.
Schneemann
Dazu ein Beitrag (wenn auch populärwissenschaftlicher Natur), von März d. J.:
Zitat:Why Russian Space Satellites Are Failing in the Ukraine Warhttps://www.popularmechanics.com/militar...n-ukraine/
MAR 29, 2023
During the Cold War, Russia became the first nation to launch a satellite, and then a human being, into outer space. With more than 160 Russian satellites in orbit today, every Ukrainian city, tank, and howitzer should be exposed to the unrelenting gaze of orbital cameras. [...]
But that’s not happening on the battlefield. [...] Russia is only getting meager rewards from its huge investment in military spacecraft, according to a Western expert. [...] Pavel Luzin, a senior fellow at the Jamestown Foundation, wrote in a recent article for Riddle. In addition, “existing Russian satellites provide seriously inferior quality of imagery vis-à-vis American and European commercial satellites.” [...]
The problem isn’t a lack of orbital hardware. Russia has more than 160 satellites in orbit, of which more than 100 are military systems, according to Luzin. These include 25 GLONASS GPS satellites, 47 communications satellites, seven Liana oceanic electronic reconnaissance satellites, two Persona optical reconnaissance satellites, as well as assorted missile detection, topographic mapping, and experimental spacecraft.
What Russia does lack is the right mix of satellites, as well as the ground systems and procedures to receive and disseminate data to those who need it. For example, the Liana spacecraft are designed to track ships. But Russia has always been a land rather than a naval power, and being able to track U.S. aircraft carriers in the Pacific doesn’t help win a ground war in Ukraine. [...]
“The Kremlin decided to start with the satellite navigation system GLONASS and communication satellites that rely on Western space electronic components,” Luzin said. “The reconnaissance satellites were the much harder task for the Russian space industry, and it turned to this task just in the early 2010s.”
But the imposition of Western sanctions after the 2014 annexation of Crimea hampered investment in reconnaissance systems. The result is that Russia has just two optical intelligence (photographic) satellites in orbit now. Two new Resurs satellites have been delayed until at least 2024, while three Russian commercial satellites—which could be used for military imagery—may no longer be functional. [...] “I don’t think Russia is capable of developing its military space capabilities now,” Luzin said.
Sollten diese Einschätzungen zutreffen, so wären die Optionen tatsächlich mager und es wäre nicht verwunderlich, wenn man uralte Höhenaufklärer aus Sowjetzeiten versucht zu reaktivieren.
Schneemann